Etiopathogenetic mechanisms of development of inflammatory periodontal diseases in patients with obesity

Abstract

The article presents modern scientific data on etiopathogenesis and the relationship between obesity and inflammatory periodontal diseases, which represent a serious medical and social problem throughout the world. The results of the original research on this problem are presented, as well as the prospects for its further study. 153 patients (102 of them with obesity) participated in the study and used such methods as clinical and radiological examination of the condition of periodontal tissues, evaluation of the microcirculatory vascular bed of periodontal tissues and bone tissue of the jaw bones using the methods of ultrasonic dopplerography and ultrasonic densitometry. Comparing the severity of parodist pathology in the main and control groups by means of correlation analysis, significant differences between groups were obtained (p <0.0001). Data obtained as a result of dopplerography of periodontal vessels showed an inverse correlation between the indices of the body mass index and the linear systolic blood flow velocity (r = –0.6754, p <0.001). Also, in the evaluation of densitometry, an inverse correlation was obtained between the indices of the body mass index and the density of bone tissue (r = –0.61, p <0.001). As a result of the analysis of the data obtained, it was concluded that there is an etiopathogenetic relationship between periodontal diseases and obesity. Understanding the peculiarities of the interference of these two diseases will facilitate the estimation of the prognosis in such patients, simplifying the choice of necessary therapy taking into account the effect on microcirculation and bone mineral density. Refs 40. Figs 2.