Conceptualising the problem of freedom of speech in neoinstitutional theory

Abstract

The article addresses the problem of implementation of free speech conditioned by expanding use of network communication technologies. The theoretical framework presented in the article may be used to analyse specific conditions of implementation and measures of support of free speech in different socio-cultural and organisational contexts. The author assumes that the existing conception of free speech, as well as approaches to its implementation and regulation are based on the model of centralised information dissemination. This model does not take into account the peculiarities of the network model of communication pertaining to the internet. Compared to mass media, the internet is embedded in different institutional frameworks and practices which make existing regulatory approaches insufficient. Neoinstitutional analysis of the social context of implementation of free speech may provide a novel theoretical understanding of the problem and outline the practical approaches necessary to solve it. Neoinstitutionalism emphasizes that behaviour regulation is a complex and diverse process. It includes not only formal rules established in the context of power inequalities, but unreflected norms and culturally inscribed frameworks of meaning as well. The latter provide alternative grounds for behaviour regulation. Thus, institutionalisation of a particular model of implementation of free speech depends not only on centralised regulation, but also on normative and cultural contexts mediating this process. Expanding internet access cannot be regarded as providing sufficient conditions for the exercise of free speech if the informal norms and cultural meanings framing this particular right are ignored. Refs 30.