On the criteria for detracting stable models from fixed phrase schemes

Abstract

The article is devoted to the identification of a system of criteria that allow to distinguish stable models from fixed phrase schemes. The distinction between stable models and fixed phrase schemes as different classes of syntactic phraseological units is one of the most complex and important problems of the modern theory of syntactic phraseology. An additional difficulty lies in the fact that fixed phrase schemes belong to the core of syntactic phraseology, and stable models to its periphery. The solution to this problem is the relevance, purpose and novelty of this study. The language material is borrowed from the specialized dictionary of the author of the study. The total number of syntactic constructions analyzed is 123 fixed phrase schemes. Illustrative material is borrowed from the texts of fiction, the language of which qualifies as the modern Russian language. The study uses the descriptive method, the method of component analysis of the semantic structure of the sentence, syntactic modeling, phraseological analysis, transformational method, as well as methods of etymological, contextual and comparative analysis. Stable models of the Russian Language are investigated in the aspect of the syntactic phraseology theory: a set of characteristics is defined that allow them to be considered in the system of various classes of syntactic phraseological units, as well as allowing them to be distinguished from free syntactic constructions; integral and differential features of stable models and fixed phrase schemes are established, which are qualified as absolute (differentiating) and relative (optional). Absolute criteria include the following: the nature of rethinking the producing syntactic construction (a single lexeme or the entire syntactic construction as a whole is being rethought); the presence/absence of a compulsory component; the presence/absence of deactualization/ grammaticalization/lexicization of the syntactic structure components; the presence/absence of transformation of the syntactic meaning of the producing structure. The relative criteria are the following: relevance/irrelevance of parsing; the presence/absence of transformation of the functional type of the producing syntactic construction.