Single-nucleotide Polymorphisms of AGT, SOD2, CAT in Risk Estimates for Arterial Hypertension among Young People

Abstract

Arterial hypertension is one of the most common cardiovascular diseases and one of the main causes of mortality and disability of population. Opportunity to predict emergence of arterial hypertension and to take preventive measures in pre-nosological diagnostics of disease arouse research interest in this issue. Possibility to predict progression of arterial hypertension based on polymorphic variants of AGT gene (C521T, rs4762) identification, which encodes angiotensinogen protein in combination with polymorphic variants of CAT (–262C/T, rs1001179), encoding catalase, and polymorphic variants of SOD2 (C47T, rs4880), encoding mitochondrial superoxide dismutase, are discussed in this article. Decrease of antioxidant enzymes (catalase and superoxide dismutase) activity leads to accumulation of reactive oxygen species in cells. They may activate NF-kB transcription factor, which increases expression of individual genes involved in sodium homeostasis and in blood pressure control, including angiotensinogen. Increased angiotensinogen concentration in blood constitutes a risk factor in arterial hypertension development. In our opinion, combination of polymorphic variants of AGT, CAT and SOD genes expands the possibilities of personalized medicine.Performed investigation involved 65 medical students of St Petersburg State University. DNA was extracted from epithelial cells of the oral cavity. Genotyping of DNA samples was determined by real-time PCR. Obtained results of our investigation enabled to reveal AGT genotypes associated with hypertension in 12 students. The article discusses combinations of TT and CT genotypes of AGT with unfavorable alleles of antioxidant enzymes.Carriers of heterozygous SOD2 genotype and homozygous CC genotype CAT are in more unfavorable conditions compared to carriers of the CC genotype SOD2 and СТ genotype CAT, as SOD2 is a key antioxidant enzyme protecting from ROS.