Role of gene polymorphism of the renin-angiotensin system components in development of cardiovascular diseases, excess body weight and obesity in inhabitants of the Adyghea Republic

Abstract

The aim of the study was to study the polymorphisms of the AGT (Met235Thr; rs699), ACE (Ins/Del; rs4646994) and AGTR1 (A1166C; rs5186) genes associated with both CVD risk and obesity in the Republic of Adygea. Materials and methods. Polymorphisms (rs699, rs4646994, rs5186) are investigated by the single nucleotide polymorphism method (SNP) using allelespecific primers in the SNP-express test systems of NPF Liteh with electrophoretic detection of results. Distribution of frequencies and associations of AGT, ACE, AGTR1 gene mutations has been analyzed in control group (donors, n = 143) of young men and girls at the age of 22.32 ± 5.4 years without hereditary burden and clinical manifestations of cardiovascular disease, as well as at patients (n=46; 54.26 ± 12.2 years) of the Cardiological Department of the Adyghe Republican Clinical Hospital. Experimental data have been analysed by statistical methods using the SPSS Statistics 17.0 program. Results. A group of patients with the verified diagnoses of heart continuum diseases (DWC), show a statistically significantly increased frequency of mutant 1166C locus (p = 0.00003; OR = 3.77 (2.22–6.38)) and pathological homozygous C1166C genotype (р = 0.00002; OR = 10.36 (4.69–26.22)) of AGTR1 gene. No reliable distinctions have been revealed in a distribution of Met235Thr (AGT), and Ins/ Del (ACE) alleles in the examined groups of donors and patients at inhabitants of Adyghea Republic, as well as no correlation relationships have been identified between frequencies of Met235Thr, Ins/Del, and A1166C polymorphisms and obesity. Minor 1166C polymorphism of the AGTR1 gene is associated with heart continuum diseases and can be used as an informative predictor of cardiovascular diseases for the formation of risk groups, especially among persons of young age. The absence of associations between Met235Thr, Ins/Del and A1166C allelic variants of genes and dyslipidemia points to need of the analysis of some other AGT, ACE and AGTR1 gene polymorphisms obtained as a result of research in the Adyghea Republic.