"Amduat": the image of the Afterlife in the space of the tomb and in the text's structure
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В 1898 году гробница Тутмоса III (KV34) была обнаружена председателем Каирской Службы Древностей Виктором Лоре. C этого момента начинается изучение Книги Ам-Дуат. Книга Ам-Дуат или «Книга о том, что в Дуате» - сакральный текст эпохи Нового царства. Она относится к так называемым «Книгам Иного мира», представляющим собой описания Дуата или Дата. На данном этапе изучения Книги Ам-Дуат известно, что этот текст представлен в трех группах: царские гробницы XVIII - XX династии, папирусы XIX - XXI династии, саркофаги Позднего времени. Полная версия этого сакрального текста представлена в гробнице Тутмоса III , а также в гробнице его визиря Усер-Амона, что в египтологии получило название «казус Усер-Амона». Однако при изучении комплекса памятников с текстами Книги Ам-Дуат не был проведен анализ реформации данного текста. Каким образом царский текст, предназначенный только лишь для гробницы Тутмоса III, в Третий Переходный Период попадает на папирусы частных лиц? В поздних редакциях текст представлен весьма в искаженном виде и нередко представлял собой композиционное объединение с отрывками из других сакральных текстов таких, как Книга Мертвых, Литания Ра. Как и на основании чего появилась поздняя редактура Книги Ам-Дуат? Что являлось ее источником? Мог ли существовать некий протограф, который не сохранился до наших дней?
In 1998 the tomb of Thutmose III was discovered by V.Lore the head of the Egyptian Antiquities Service. There has been the investigation of the Book of Amduat since that moment. The Book of Amduat or “Book of What is in Duat” is a sacred text of the New Kingdom. It is a part of the “Underworld books” which describe Duat or Dat. The current period of studying indicates that this text consists of three main groups: the king's tombs of XVIII – XX dynasties, the papyri of XIX – XXI dynasties, the sarcophagus of the Late Period. The full version of this text is introduced in the tomb of Thutmose III and also in the tomb of his vizier User-Amun. This issue is called by egyptologist as “The case of User-Amun”. However, during the investigation of the Book of Amduat complex there has never been any researchers of the text's reformation. How did the king's text which was made only for the Thutmose's tomb appear in the private papyri in The Third Intermediate Period? In the late versions this text is introduced inappropriate and sometimes is combined with the parts of another sacred texts such as The Book of Dead, Litany of Re. How and why did the latest version of The Book of Amduat appear? What was its source? Whether was there any protograph which wasn't preserved till nowadays?
In 1998 the tomb of Thutmose III was discovered by V.Lore the head of the Egyptian Antiquities Service. There has been the investigation of the Book of Amduat since that moment. The Book of Amduat or “Book of What is in Duat” is a sacred text of the New Kingdom. It is a part of the “Underworld books” which describe Duat or Dat. The current period of studying indicates that this text consists of three main groups: the king's tombs of XVIII – XX dynasties, the papyri of XIX – XXI dynasties, the sarcophagus of the Late Period. The full version of this text is introduced in the tomb of Thutmose III and also in the tomb of his vizier User-Amun. This issue is called by egyptologist as “The case of User-Amun”. However, during the investigation of the Book of Amduat complex there has never been any researchers of the text's reformation. How did the king's text which was made only for the Thutmose's tomb appear in the private papyri in The Third Intermediate Period? In the late versions this text is introduced inappropriate and sometimes is combined with the parts of another sacred texts such as The Book of Dead, Litany of Re. How and why did the latest version of The Book of Amduat appear? What was its source? Whether was there any protograph which wasn't preserved till nowadays?