Scientific Style of Speech in Teaching Russian as a Foreign Language: General and Specific

Abstract

The article deals with the dynamic process of mastering the scientific style of speech at the all stages of teaching Russian as a foreign language in universities of different profi les. The tendency towards the rapid growth of terminological vocabulary in all languages of the world is noted, with reference to significant facts from the history of the development of scientific style of speech worldwide and in Russia. It shows the transformations it has undergone, changing over time just as the language itself changes. The similarity of scientific descriptions in different languages is emphasised, and the sources and factors influencing the formation of the learner’s scientific consciousness are analysed. The role of language training in the process of studying the stylistic nature of language is revealed, and the linguodidactic potential of working with a scientific text through the triad “lexicon — construction — text” is described. Recommendations are given on ways to expand the traditional set of constructions at all stages of training and text selection, and the author’s “rule of four T’s” is substantiated. Types of exercises are provided, such as creating a plan, a reference scheme, assembling a coherent whole from paragraphs, performing compression, “anti-compression”, etc. The pedagogical experiment is described, which allowed answering the question: how do changes occur in mastering the fundamentals of scientific style in the Russian language among foreign students of different profiles? It is concluded that the scientific text, due to the uniqueness of sets of language formulas and patterns, becomes a powerful tool for understanding professional module disciplines. Working with scientific style allows the teacher to prepare the student for professional communication and contributes to the development of skills in using scientific style in oral and written forms.