Exemplary structure of investigative characteristics of crimes and peculiarities of its construction on the example of certain types of illegal acts

Abstract

The article explores the concept, content and technology of constructing of a typical investigative characteristic of crimes as a scientific category. Literature review on the concept and content of the characteristic of crimes is conducted. The study summarizes and examines the sufficient empirical material obtained from criminal cases of illicit trafficking in narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, as well as murders involving fire; records of police reports in the field of drug trafficking. It is proposed that, in order to minimize the risk of false results, the design of a future study should be planned by determining the type and scope of the empirical basis for constructing a typical investigative characteristic of a crime, applied to the stage of its commission. Distinctive features of the investigative characteristic are described. The basic elements of the standard search characteristics applied to various categories of crimes are identified. Correlation and information clusters are constructed using statistical methods, which, unlike the elements themselves, have stability and renewability. The nature of some such elements is presented, only for certain types and groups of crimes. The article presents the main stages of the technology for building a typical investigative characteristic of crimes with a reflection of their sequence. In the form of a two-dimensional matrix in tabular form, on the basis of a detailed analysis of the construction of a typical investigative characteristic, an investigative methodology for identifying, suppressing and solving crimes on the example of illegal sale of narcotic drugs and murders associated with fire is presented. The authors conclude that the investigative characteristic of crimes is designed to solve problems and achieve the goals of exclusively investigative activities, unlike related categories, which perform other scientific and practical tasks. Arguments are given, according to which the investigative characteristic of crimes cannot replace the other characteristics.