Poverty in the Yakut Arctic — the experience of sociological research

Abstract

The article is devoted to one of the main topics of sociology and economics — poverty and the problems of its measurement. The relevance of the topic is determined by the fact that at each new stage of the development of society, the sets of consumer goods, the thresholds for the consumption of the population are changing, therefore adequate criteria for the analysis of poverty are required. The article examines the evolution of the views on poverty of domestic and foreign scientists, focusing on new factors of income stratification: territorial factor, factor of social inclusion, spatial configuration of inequality. At the empirical level, the results of monitoring, which was conducted for several years in 13 Arctic regions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), are analyzed. The purpose of this study is to create a profile of a poor person in the Arctic (Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)) based on the results of the project “Man in the Arctic” (conducted by the Center for Strategic Studies under the Head of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)) and a number of studies conducted at the North-Eastern Federal University named after M. K. Ammosov and to study the determinants and correlates of poverty at the micro level. Accordingly, the subject of the study is the region of the Arctic zone of Russia, in particular, 13 districts that are part of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The subject of the study is the profile of a poor person in the Arctic, the main characteristics of social inequality in the Arctic zone of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Based on analysis of statistical data, the results of sociological research, mathematical and statistical analysis of primary data, a generalized, enlarged portrait of a poor man in the Arctic was compiled. The perception of the own position of the population of the Arctic regions, self-identification is one of the important aspects of measuring poverty.