On the role of studying the history of philosophy in modern education

Abstract

The article examines the place of studying the history of philosophy in education. The first part of the article is devoted to identifying the nature of human interaction proper, for which the works of the classic of German idealism — J. G. Fichte are involved. According to the author of science studies, the specificity of human interaction, designated by him as a “call”, consists in the fact that, since any actual human action is carried out starting from the results of reflection, it most strongly stimulates the mental activity of a person from all possible influences. Moreover, it has this effect both in the case of a conscious educational orientation, and in the absence of a conscious intention to educate and educate. The purpose of such interaction is to develop human intelligence, which is synonymous with the development of his independence and self-activity. At the same time, this goal is realized to the greater extent, the more versatile such an impact is, and this explains why a person exists in a community. However, this impact cannot be exhaustively characterized as only intersubjective actions, in fact, it represents cultural forms of a transpersonal nature (family, social relations, state, etc.), and the second part of the article is devoted to considering the role of their development for the formation of a person. It concludes that their successful development, in the exact sense of the word, is possible only in the case of gaining experience of active participation in their existence, in connection with which the project of “new national education” by Fichte is pointed out. The last part of the article summarizes the results of the study, which consist in the fact that, since philosophy, according to Hegel’s statement, is “an epoch grasped in thought”, i. e., the development of culture in the highest sense, to the extent that the study of the history of philosophy represents the completion of the education of a person in a person, and therefore a necessary component of modern education.