European integration of post-Soviet republics and the role of oligarchic interest groups as illustrated by Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine
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В данной работе раскрывается роль и место олигархических групп интересов Грузии, Молдовы и Украины относительно процесса европейской интеграции. В ходе исследования проводится анализ такого неформального института власти как олигархия, подчёркивается роль неформальных практик на постсоветском пространстве и рассматривается концепция “неопатримониализма”. В ходе исследование анализируется подход Европейского союза к этим практикам и выделяется необходимый набор реформ и преобразований, рекомендуемых ЕС для стран постсоветского пространства. Равным образом исследуется опыт стран бывшего социалистического лагеря относительно их интеграционной политики с Евросоюзом. Наряду с этим, даётся характеристика современного состояния европейской интеграции Грузии, Молдовы и Украины, а также анализируются три кейса – направления, по которым происходит реформирование в рассматриваемых государствах в контексте их сближения с ЕС – борьба с коррупцией, реформа в области энергетики и сближение с ЕС в области торговли, с учетом влияния на процесс олигархических групп интересов.
This paper reveals the role and place of the oligarchic interest groups of Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine in relation to the European integration process. The study analyzes such an informal institution of power as the oligarchy, emphasizes the role of informal practices in the post-Soviet space, and considers the concept of “neopatrimonialism”. The study also analyzes the approach of the European Union to these practices and highlights the necessary set of reforms and transformations recommended by the EU for post-Soviet countries. The experience of the former socialist camp countries regarding their integration policy with the European Union is also studied. At the same time, the current state of European integration of Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine is described, as well as three cases are analyzed – the areas of reform in the countries under consideration in the context of their rapprochement with the EU – the fight against corruption, energy reform and convergence with the EU in the field of trade, taking into account the influence of oligarchic interest groups on the process.
This paper reveals the role and place of the oligarchic interest groups of Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine in relation to the European integration process. The study analyzes such an informal institution of power as the oligarchy, emphasizes the role of informal practices in the post-Soviet space, and considers the concept of “neopatrimonialism”. The study also analyzes the approach of the European Union to these practices and highlights the necessary set of reforms and transformations recommended by the EU for post-Soviet countries. The experience of the former socialist camp countries regarding their integration policy with the European Union is also studied. At the same time, the current state of European integration of Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine is described, as well as three cases are analyzed – the areas of reform in the countries under consideration in the context of their rapprochement with the EU – the fight against corruption, energy reform and convergence with the EU in the field of trade, taking into account the influence of oligarchic interest groups on the process.
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олигархи, европейская интеграция, неформальные институты, Грузия, Молдова, Украина, коррупция, энергетическая сфера, область торговли, малое и среднее предпринимательство, oligarchs, European integration, informal institutions, Georgia, Moldova, Ukraine, corruption, energy sector, trade sphere, small and medium enterprises