Structural and Communicative Models with Target Semantics in a Complex Sentence in the Practice of Teaching Russian as a Foreign Language

Abstract

The article deals with complex sentences of the goal from the point of view of their teaching in a foreign audience. The use of complex target sentences is one of the most difficult topics in the practice of teaching Russian as a foreign language. In linguistic literature, the expression of target relations by a complex sentence does not find an unambiguous interpretation: there is a wide and narrow understanding of these sentences. Appeal in the practice of teaching Russian as a foreign language to the concept of a structural-communicative model allows us to limit the use of target sentences to cases of expressing self- and non-self-target relations. Such a division of syntactic relations expressed in a sentence is extremely relevant in Russian as a foreign language, since it reflects, firstly, the dynamics of the presentation of grammatical material depending on the level of foreign students’ language proficiency, and secondly, determines the volume of this material. Self-goal relations, expressed by means of a complex sentence, constitute the core as the most stable part of the functional-semantic field. These relations convey the meaning of the goal — the expression of the desired result as a purposeful action of the subject — in the most general form. In non-target sentences, goal relations are transformed into “purpose” relations, and the subject, represented explicitly or implicitly, is conceived as an indirectly subjective deagent carrier of the attribute. The main means of expressing proper and non-propertarget relations is the union to or its modifications: in order to, in order to, then in order to, in order to, in order to.