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http://hdl.handle.net/11701/9387
2024-03-28T16:43:50ZAugust Strindberg through the eyes of Karl Leonhard: A dialogue of cultures between Germany and Sweden
http://hdl.handle.net/11701/15276
Название: August Strindberg through the eyes of Karl Leonhard: A dialogue of cultures between Germany and Sweden
Авторы: Koryshev, Mikhail; Ivanova, Ekaterina; Zubova, Elena; Petersen, Katja
Краткий осмотр (реферат): The present article is an attempt to bring together anthropology, literary science
and psychiatry with the aim to consider how life and work of August Strindberg
(1849–1912) is perceived in the last opus of the well-known German psychiatrist Karl
Leonhard (1904–1988), the author of the book Accentuated Personalities, which is very
well-known for the Russian reader. His views and evaluations form a bright period in
the history of the reception of the works of the Swedish writer in Germany and can be
seen as a result of the dialogue between the Swedish and German cultures, inscribed
in the history of medical thought of the epoch and pathological literary criticism.
Leonhard argued that Strindberg was wrongly treated as a schizophrenic but suffered
in fact from cycloid psychosis. The methodical approach, which Leonhard employed
to prove his point, is partly based on the tradition of literary anthropology and is close
to the traditions of the Russian humanistic psychiatry. Although Leonhard’s work was a subject to criticism, he shows interesting insights with current relevance. Invocating
Strindberg’s haunting works Days of Loneliness, Hell or Occult Diary, the authors of
the present article reproduce the symptom complex of the psychotic, emphasize
the importance of Leonhard’s complex and elaborate work, and draw attention to
Strindberg’s narrative style from the point of view of mental disorders and psychology.
In conclusion, the authors of the article announce the publication of the full text of
Leonhard’s essay in Russian translation, with literary and medical commentaries.2018-12-01T00:00:00ZRe-translating of Swedish classics: Necessity or extravagancy? (based on translations of books by S. Lagerlöf and A. Lindgren)
http://hdl.handle.net/11701/15275
Название: Re-translating of Swedish classics: Necessity or extravagancy? (based on translations of books by S. Lagerlöf and A. Lindgren)
Авторы: Savitskaja, Anna
Краткий осмотр (реферат): Recently a number of world classics re-translations have been published, with
each of them becoming a source of severe discussions both in printed mass media and
on the Internet. However, we can find just a few re-translations of Swedish classics,
especially recently published ones. The article considers the problem of necessity to
re-translate already existing Russian translations and points out the reasons allowing
to treat some re-translations as having strong and/or weak points. Swedish classics
translations can be divided into three periods: 1) translations made before 1917 or just
after; 2) translations of the Soviet period; and 3) translations of the Post-Soviet period.
Selma Lagerlöf is one of the few authors whose books were translated in all the three
periods, that is why her works are in the focus of our attention. Repeated addressing
to the texts translated in the first period is, as a rule, necessary, as then the translations
were often made from the intermediary language and turned out to be too literal, at
the same time containing some inaccuracies and omissions. The translations of the
second period are usually characterized by a high quality of the Russian language, but, in some cases, they have flaws due to the fact that the translator was not fully proficient
in Swedish and, in addition, did not have access to the necessary cultural information.
At the same time, the re-translations of this period, even those absolutely accurate, are
sometimes doomed to failure because of the popularity of the talented Russian text
created by the first translator. Since Swedish classics have not been fully translated into
Russian, it may be better for modern translators to focus their efforts on the works that
have not yet been translated.2018-12-01T00:00:00ZLearning about Swedish culture from Sven Nordqvist’s books (case-study: Pettson and Findus book series)
http://hdl.handle.net/11701/15274
Название: Learning about Swedish culture from Sven Nordqvist’s books (case-study: Pettson and Findus book series)
Авторы: Konopleva, Tatiana; Pechinkina, Olga
Краткий осмотр (реферат): In a globalized world knowledge of values and peculiarities of other cultures
becomes an indispensable condition for successful cross-cultural communication,
promotes a deeper awareness of one’s own culture, develops tolerance and facilitates
political, economic, cultural and other contacts between countries. One of the
sources of acquiring background knowledge is literary text, in which authors recreate
objective reality of their countries. Well-translated and nicely illustrated children
literature allows readers to get acquainted with peculiarities of other cultures from
a very early age. The aim of the article is to study the reflection of Swedish culture
in Sven Nordqvist’s books written and illustrated for children. Nordqvist’s books,
namely the book series about Pettson and Findus, have become popular all over the
world. The main character named Pettson is an old Swedish farmer who lives on
his own in a traditional red country house surrounded by a garden until the day
when a restless kitten, whom Pettson without a moment’s hesitation calls Findus,
appears in his ordered life. From that day on his main task is to ingeniously solve
the problems which Findus gets into. Books about Pettson and Finds are translated
into many languages, made into cartoons and educational programmes. Illustrations
made by Sven Nordqvist make the books special as they supplement the textual
information about Sweden, its geographical setting, benefits of living a rustic life,
traditions, holidays, cuisine, inventions, etc. Sven Nordqvist manages to capture the
spirit of living in Sweden all year round. He gives his readers the opportunity to get
peculiar knowledge of Swedish culture, necessary for effective interaction with the
representatives of a different cultural background.2018-12-01T00:00:00ZOn the contexts of Edith Sӧdergran’s Russian poem “Tikho, tikho, tikho”
http://hdl.handle.net/11701/15273
Название: On the contexts of Edith Sӧdergran’s Russian poem “Tikho, tikho, tikho”
Авторы: Crnković, Denis
Краткий осмотр (реферат): This paper looks to provide a reading of Edith Södergran’s only poem written in
Russian in its literary, linguistic, cultural and historical contexts. Composed when she
was experimenting with multilingual poetry for her so-called Vaxdukshäft (Oilcloth
Notebook), the poem “Tikho, tikho, tikho” reflects equally an adherence to classical
Russian metrical forms and a kinship with the more daring Russian Symbolists,
including A. Blok and V. Bryusov. In contrast to some previous studies, which see the
poem as a mere juvenilia written in the cultural isolation of a young, “foreign” girl’s
private milieu, the current article concludes that it was also composed in a spirit of the
age and the nation. The poem’s varied and stunning imagery, ranging from violence to
mystery, speaks of a labyrinth of emotion, inner experiences and political and social
awareness. Although the dominant images of destruction, bloodshed and rebirth may
have their origins in Södergran’s personal encounters with tuberculosis, they do so also
in the disparate contexts of a society racked by terrorism and violent revolution, and of
a young woman’s emerging self-identity. Thus, when examined in the broader context of
Södergran’s awareness of the literary and cultural mores, and the political upheavals of
her times, the poem reflects both her natural poetic talent and her sophisticated vision of
the surrounding world, remarkable at such an early stage of her writing career.2018-12-01T00:00:00ZA contribution to the semantic subclassification of causative constructions in contemporary Norwegian: Effective causation
http://hdl.handle.net/11701/15272
Название: A contribution to the semantic subclassification of causative constructions in contemporary Norwegian: Effective causation
Авторы: Bilandžija, Sofija A.
Краткий осмотр (реферат): In this article the author proposes a subclassification of causative semantic types
in contemporary Norwegian, as expressed by the analytic causative constructions
with the auxiliary verbs få and gjøre within the framework of prototype semantics.
The focus of the article is one the so-called effective causation, such as Mosjon gjør
hunden sliten, Mari fikk voksne menn til å gråte or Kjendiser gjør meg svett i hendene.
The author analyzes its position among other proposed instances of indirect causation
in Norwegian, characterized by the semantic features of the participants (here: the
Causer and the Causee), their relationship in regards to the degree of involvement
in the causative event and degree of control. The author establishes four subtypes of
the effective causation based on the feature of animateness, and claims that the main
criterial features of the effective causation are (1) the low degree of Causer involvement,
where one cannot postulate any obligatory volitional activity, and the Causer is
perceived as a circumstance, reason or a stimulus, (2) the affectedness of the Causee,
which shares more features with the roles of Patient or Experiencer, rather than the
(affected) Agent, and (3) the type of causing event, or the result, is construed as a
spontaneous state or event the Causee undergoes, and is beyond its control (mainly
expressed by verbs and adjectives denoting automatic responses). The construction
type is thus always the intransitive analytic causative.2018-12-01T00:00:00ZFormal modeling considerations for dependent clause with vacant subject in some Germanic languages
http://hdl.handle.net/11701/15271
Название: Formal modeling considerations for dependent clause with vacant subject in some Germanic languages
Авторы: Shumkov, Andrei
Краткий осмотр (реферат): Dependent clauses with vacant subject are considered in contraposition to independent
clauses with vacant subject, which refer to interrogative sentences with unknown
subject being sought by means of compulsory interrogative element. The languages
particularly involved are English, Dutch and Swedish. Within the binomiality
idea a formal modeling is undertaken to explain the syntactic nature of the formal particle
in a subject. Main and secondary substantive / verbal sentence parts are assumed
to consist of two parts — a space / time specifier or proto-specifier and a substantive
/ verbal semifinitive. The formal particle in a subject is associated with a strong or super-
strong space specifier. In an independent and dependent interrogative sentence, as
well as in a dependent narrative one, the fixing of a principal substantive semifinitive is
postulated to start with a super-strong specifier. It is proposed that in independent / dependent
clauses the use of the formal particle is stipulated by a possible opposition of
a fixing verbal semifinitive against the pressure of outer space, as well as by informativity
of an interrogative / conjunctive element. For dependent clauses it is also established
that the formal particle in Danish and, sometimes in English, can fill (or accompany)
the vacant strong substantive semifinitive and terminate its being vacant; Swedish and
Norwegian use for this, instead of the formal particle, an adverbial-substantive unit.
Filling the vacant strong substantive semifinitive makes the main sentence parts complete,
and a dependent clause becomes more similar to an independent clause. It confirms
the statement of the binomiality idea that a narrative and interrogative dependent
clause is syntactically «in-between» a narrative independent clause and an interrogative
independent clause. Still, the use of the vacant or non-vacant strong substantive semifinitive
can be stipulated, like in Danish, by the informativity of the conjunctive element. In case of a high informativity of the conjunctive element the strong substantive
semifinitive may remain vacant.2018-12-01T00:00:00ZGuests and hosts on the sounds of modern Icelandic
http://hdl.handle.net/11701/15270
Название: Guests and hosts on the sounds of modern Icelandic
Авторы: Liberman, Anatoly
Краткий осмотр (реферат): For over a hundred and fifty years, foreign tourists have been sharing their
impressions of Iceland: its geography, economy, culture, and, among other things,
language. Foreigners’ impressions of a language new to them are not devoid of
interest, for outsiders often hear the subphonemic nuances that native speakers miss
by definition. They also make typical mistakes while assessing the pronunciation of
a language they hear for the first time. Their observations add a special dimension to
the traditional descriptions of this or that language. The present paper summarizes
the notes on Icelandic vowels and consonants by English, German, and other tourists
made during their stay in Iceland. Of equal interest is the advice given by the authors
of Icelandic textbooks to foreigners planning to study Icelandic, and by foreigners,
sometimes trained philologists, who warn their prospective readers of the main
difficulties of Icelandic phonetics. The survey offered here must be fairly complete,
because it is based on the rich collections of books in the Fiske collection (Cornell
University, USA) and the two great libraries in Reykjavík. Special emphasis has been
laid on the most “exotic” features of the Icelandic phonemic system: devoiced /b d g/,
devoiced /l m n r/ before /p t k/, preaspiration, and the pronunciation of [i:] and
the diphthongs, of which short [ou] creates especially great difficulties to foreigners.
The importance of foreigners’ observations has been once discussed by an Icelandic
researcher, but a full-length survey of this type appears for the first time.2018-12-01T00:00:00ZShortening of the original long root vowels in Danish
http://hdl.handle.net/11701/15269
Название: Shortening of the original long root vowels in Danish
Авторы: Kuzmenko, Yury
Краткий осмотр (реферат): The present article is a follow-up to the paper by Kuz’menko Yu. K. (2017) about
the shortening of the long consonants in Danish and in West Germanic languages,
in which author tried to show that the long consonants lost their syllable-initial and
morpheme-final part (fal-la > falə) in order to provide the coincidence of syllable and
morpheme boundaries. The next step in the same direction in the Germanic languages
was the shortening of original long stressed vowels (and the change of the contact type
free (open) > checked (close). This paper deals with the development of checked contact
words in Danish, where the shortening of original long vowels occurs before our
very eyes. The vowel shortening and the development of checked and superchecked
(stød on consonant) contact in Danish can be observed when comparing three different
Danish dictionaries (ODS, DDO and DK) reflecting three stages of this development.
The number of sources of checked contact words in Danish is high, because of the Danish
consonant shift that shifted almost all the original postvocalic consonants, turning
fortis into lenis and lenis into components of diphthongs. Furthermore, the Danish
/ð/ has the same shortening effect on the preceding vowel as approximants [w] and [j].
The change of the contact type and vowel shortening also occurred in English (cf. bow,
eye and book, dead). The shortening of the original long vowels in Danish and English,
which resulted in the increased number of words with the coincidence of syllable and
morpheme boundaries is treated in the article as a result of the functioning of a selfadjusting
language system which can rebuild itself in accordance with a certain task. In
our case this task consists in ensuring a better segmentation of the root morpheme in
text (facilitated by the coincidence of the root with the syllable).2018-12-01T00:00:00ZScandinavian or English? The languages in the Nordic context
http://hdl.handle.net/11701/15268
Название: Scandinavian or English? The languages in the Nordic context
Авторы: Bocharova, Yana V.
Краткий осмотр (реферат): The article provides an overview of the use of the Scandinavian languages and
English in the context of the Nordic Cooperation. The article provides an overview of
the history and current status of using the Scandinavian languages and English is given,
as well as the description of the current language situation. The study concentrates
on the topic as viewed by researchers, performing artists, politicians, journalists
and celebrities of the Nordic countries, which confirms the relevance of ongoing
debate about pros and cons of using Scandinavian or English in academic, political
and everyday contexts. The article examines, inter alia, the use of Scandinavian and
English in the Nordic countries in close connection with the institutionalized political
cooperation that took shape in the 20th century. This cooperation is carried out mainly
within the framework of the Nordic Council and the Nordic Council of Ministers.
The institutionalization of cooperation resulted, among other things, in adoption of
a number of strategic documents on language cooperation, such as the Declaration
on a Nordic Language Policy and Nordic Language Convention. Since the article is an
overview rather than an empirical study, and taking into account the relevance of the
topic, further empirical research is proposed to identify trends in the attitudes of a wide
range of respondents from the Nordic countries to the use of the Scandinavian and
English languages in professional, cultural and everyday activities.2018-12-01T00:00:00ZDanish imperative formation: A problem for the phonology/ morphology interface
http://hdl.handle.net/11701/15267
Название: Danish imperative formation: A problem for the phonology/ morphology interface
Авторы: Basbøll, Hans
Краткий осмотр (реферат): The formation of imperatives (IMP) in Danish has for centuries been a challenge,
both to native speaker-hearers and for language policy, and it has been discussed in
grammars since the 17th century. The best way to state the principle of IMP-formation
in Danish is: IMP is formed by subtracting a final e-schwa (/ə/) from INF; if INF
does not end in e-schwa (/ə/), IMP = INF. In many cases, the IMP thus constructed
is not, or does not end in, a well-formed syllable, e.g. hækl! [hεɡ̊ l] ‘crochet!’, saml!
[sɑmˀl] ‘collect!’. Such forms do not obey sonority or strength hierarchies, and there
are different ways to cope with that challenge. Danish IMP-formation represents
several types of conflicts with respect to the morphology/phonology interface,
and it illustrates several descriptive and theoretical problems in accounting for
them: both between morphology and phonotactics (sections 1 and 5), and between
morphology and prosody (sections 6 on vowel quantity and section 7 on the stød,
a laryngeal syllable rhyme prosody with a complex grammatical distribution). This
paper proposes a coherent account, based upon Basbøll’s Sonority Syllable Model —
a non-circular cross-linguistic model of sonority or strength — (section 4), and his
Non-Stød Model. The latter model involves a general procedure for the integration
of suffixes in word structure (section 8) and its application to modern Danish
(section 9). Throughout the paper, methodological and theoretical problems are in
focus, but finally, the need for empirical investigations of Danish IMP-formation is
emphasized, concerning the question how Danish speaker-listeners, and also foreign
learners of Danish, cope with the challenging IMP-forms.2018-12-01T00:00:00Z