DSpace Общество:
http://hdl.handle.net/11701/9235
2024-03-29T09:46:15Z“Say Everyone That My Journey is Very Dangerous…”: Letters of General A. N. Grishin-Almazov to his Wife (Autumn 1918)’
http://hdl.handle.net/11701/15295
Название: “Say Everyone That My Journey is Very Dangerous…”: Letters of General A. N. Grishin-Almazov to his Wife (Autumn 1918)’
Авторы: Puchenkov, A. S.; Sushko, A. V.; Petin, D. I.
Краткий осмотр (реферат): “Say Everyone That My Journey is Very Dangerous…”:
Letters of General A. N. Grishin-Almazov to his Wife (Autumn 1918)2018-12-01T00:00:00Z“Religion Have To Be Considered as a Fact…”: From the Speech of M. I. Latsis, Head of the Tcheka’s Secret Operations Department, at the 4th All-Russian Conference of Extraordinary Commissions (February 3, 1920)
http://hdl.handle.net/11701/15294
Название: “Religion Have To Be Considered as a Fact…”: From the Speech of M. I. Latsis, Head of the Tcheka’s Secret Operations Department, at the 4th All-Russian Conference of Extraordinary Commissions (February 3, 1920)
Авторы: Krapivin, M. Yu.
Краткий осмотр (реферат): “Religion Have To Be Considered as a Fact…”: From the Speech of M. I. Latsis,
Head of the Tcheka’s Secret Operations Department, at the 4th All-Russian Conference of
Extraordinary Commissions (February 3, 1920)2018-12-01T00:00:00ZThe Modern History in Works by Timothy Snyder
http://hdl.handle.net/11701/15293
Название: The Modern History in Works by Timothy Snyder
Авторы: Kodin, E. V.
Краткий осмотр (реферат): American Sovietology was formed in the years of the “Cold War” as science, which methodologically
aimed at showing the totalitarian character of power structures in the Soviet Union. The image of the enemy in
politics was accompanied by an equally negative image of scientific research, first carried out by political analysts
and then by historians. Several decades have passed, but much of what was practiced in the 1950s and 1960s
remains important and relevant at the beginning of the twenty-first century. The astute manipulation of facts and
events is still going on. In this regard, writings by the professor of history of Yale University Timothy Snyder can
provide a good example. Snyder is the author of two famous books translated into Russian: “The Reconstruction
of Nations” (2003) and “Bloodlands: Europe Between Hitler and Stalin” (2010). His third work, “The Road to Unfreedom:
Russia, Europe, America,” dedicated to contemporary history from 2010, was published in 2018 by Yale
University Press. While the issues and historical periods are outwardly different, all three books reveal one central
idea: Russia’s history is the history of Russian fascism. Over the years, only the manifestation of fascism has
changed, while its basic characteristics have remained unchanged: an expansionistic foreign policy in Europe,
and currently in America as well, and on former Soviet territories. This inevitably transfers Snyder’s works from the
properly historical sphere to the field of the historical politics and political studies.2018-12-01T00:00:00ZThe "Civil War Must Be Merciless due to Necessity": The Basis for Discussion on the Key Issues of One of the Biggest Russian Tragedies
http://hdl.handle.net/11701/15292
Название: The "Civil War Must Be Merciless due to Necessity": The Basis for Discussion on the Key Issues of One of the Biggest Russian Tragedies
Авторы: Voytikov, S. S.
Краткий осмотр (реферат): In 2006 the most authoritative historian on the Russias White Terror, P. A. Golub, published an historical
and documentary essay on his main scholarly theme. The publication of this book by publishing house “Patriot”
(formerly DOSAAF), based on the author’s extensive work on the Soviet period, was absolutely logical, since
Golub's book was not only a fundamental study of the White Terror, but also a vivid journalistic work. In this review
analyzed a new book about Russia white terror written by the famous St. Petersburg historian I. S. Ratkovsky, in a
strictly academic style. The author interprets the very term “white terror” broadly. According to him, “white terror”
is a rather generalized term that includes phenomena that occurred under various “political signs”, both of the
White movement itself and in general of anti-Bolshevik resistance, including the right-wing socialist regimes of the
“democratic counterrevolution” of the summer — autumn 1918 year. In the book in the chronological and causal
sequence are the numerous orders and orders of White movement military leaders, so the author fixes the systematic
nature of Russia white terror (obviously, this is one of the promising areas for studying it). I. S. Ratkovsky’s
research is a solid reference and documentary publication, significantly refining and expanding the existing understanding
of Russia white terror as a historical phenomenon.2018-12-01T00:00:00ZThe Last Soviet Mega Event: The XII World Festival of Youth and Students in 1985 in Moscow
http://hdl.handle.net/11701/15291
Название: The Last Soviet Mega Event: The XII World Festival of Youth and Students in 1985 in Moscow
Авторы: Popov, A. D.
Краткий осмотр (реферат): This article characterizes foreign policy and the cultural and diplomatic aspects of the XII World Festival
of Youth and Students (Festival-85) that was held in Moscow from July 27 to August 3, 1985. Based on various
sources, including archival and published documents, press materials, and eyewitness accounts, the author
examines the place and role of this mega-event in Soviet cultural diplomacy in the final stage of the Cold War. The
present projection of the festival program had anti-imperialist rhetoric directed against the USA and other capitalist
countries, aggravated by military-political opposition of the two blocks in Afghanistan and Latin America in the
mid-1980s. In designing images of the past, main attention was been paid to justifying the key role of the USSR
in the victory in World War II and to raising historical parallels between fascism and American imperialism. The
Soviet Union was positioned as the unique center for consolidation of anti-imperialist forces capable of solving
mankind’s global problems, such as the threat of a new world war, uneven and unstable economic development,
and racial, national, and political discrimination. At the same time, freedom of festival communication was limited,
and the Soviet side aimed to avoid discussion of “loaded questions” connected with events in Afghanistan and the
restriction of the rights and freedoms of Soviet citizens. Also, despite the aspiration to show socialism’s absolute
advantages and exclusive merits of the “new Soviet person,” Soviet leaders could not solve several organizational
problems that drew attention of the western press.2018-12-01T00:00:00Z“Living the Project of a Century”: The Space of Everyday Life and Housing Mobility of the Builders of the Baikal-Amur Railway (1970–1980s)
http://hdl.handle.net/11701/15290
Название: “Living the Project of a Century”: The Space of Everyday Life and Housing Mobility of the Builders of the Baikal-Amur Railway (1970–1980s)
Авторы: Baikalov, N. S.
Краткий осмотр (реферат): The housing problem was common to all socialist construction projects in Siberia, including the largest
project of the late Soviet period: the building of the Baikal-Amur Railway (BAR). The forced pace of construction
at the facility, as well as privileges and benefits for working in hard northern conditions, led to uncontrolled
migration into the BAR zone. The housing shortage made people look for new forms of “living”: tents, trailers,
barracks, self-made houses, workplaces, and operational buildings. A whole network of cities and towns with
a heterogeneous settlement structure around BAR developed. It consisted of comfortable urban areas for the
accommodation of future railway workers, temporary housing complexes for transport builders, and “nakhalovki,”
squatting housing for people arriving spontaneously. The ousing experience of BARers differed from that of the
late Soviet standards in the organization of everyday life and special practices. In solving housing problems in
BAR settlements, people showed greater initiative and independence. There was a wide range of formal and informal
practices of housing mobility, and most depended on how one arrived to BAR. Organized arrivals of builders
had more common and stable mobility lines. People, who came on their own initiative, had more diverse and
multidirectional ways of housing and rehousing. The predominant factors of housing mobility in Soviet times were
housing quality and changing one’s place of work. In contemporary conditions, the role of economic factors,
such as the cost of maintaining housing, the size of housing plots, and the possibility of farming were increasing.
Temporary and illegally erected dwellings in this situation had a number of competitive advantages, which made
them in demand despite risks associated with a high degree of wear.2018-12-01T00:00:00ZThe "Bandit" Film Genre and its Flourishing during First World War
http://hdl.handle.net/11701/15289
Название: The "Bandit" Film Genre and its Flourishing during First World War
Авторы: Ustyugova, V. V.
Краткий осмотр (реферат): Films of the criminal genre were widely popular among Russian audiences during the First World War
and on the eve of the Revolution. Viewers of first-screen cinemas were attracted by foreign, French, and American
adventure films, such as “Zigomar,” “Rocambole,” “Fantomas,” “Vampires,” “The New Exploits of Elaine,”
and others. Mass audiences watched “Sonia the Golden hand,” “Vaska Chyrkin,” “Sashka, the seminary student,”
and “Anton Krechet,” with their scenarios based on criminal news. “Stenka Razin,” “Emelka Pugachev,” and
films about typical bandits remained popular. The reasons for the popularity of the criminal adventure genre are
grounded both in the typical Russian pre-revolutionary situation, in urbanization processes, and in the expansion
of the social basis of spectator culture as a whole. The “bandit” film portrays different sociocultural and sociopsychological
needs of the viewers using strong sensations, escapist experiences, and safety. The image of the
social bandit was attractive to lower strata audiences and was likely to show a certain escalation in aggressive
behavior and crime in wartime society. Further, moral narratives of criminal films raised anxiety and expectations
of narrow-minded viewers, since laws of the popular genre were expected to provide inevitable punishment for
the criminals. “Bandit” films were successful business projects in cinematography in its early development, along
with other popular entertainment genres of culture and leisure time practices in modern society. What is more,
in some cases they appeared as аrt projects thanks to their creators’ talents, had an impact on art development,
and represented the spirit of modernity.2018-12-01T00:00:00ZThe Reform of Local Court of 1912 in Imperial Dimension: The Making of Common Institutes in Plural Society
http://hdl.handle.net/11701/15288
Название: The Reform of Local Court of 1912 in Imperial Dimension: The Making of Common Institutes in Plural Society
Авторы: Verniaev, I. I.
Краткий осмотр (реферат): The judicial reform of 1912, which recreated in the inner and western provinces of the Russian Empire
an updated version of the magistrates’ court (mirovoy sud) and liquidated the judicial functions of land captains
and other judicial-administrative instances, is usually studied either in the historic-legal context or as part
of political struggles of the early twentieth century. For the first time, the reform was considered in the context of
managing imperial diversity and strategies of creating common institutions in conditions of heterogeneity (class,
ethnic, confessional, political), both among the population of the empire as a whole and in regional and local
communities. This paper addresses the state of local justice and factors that necessitated reforms, Including
main positions that formed the basis for criticizing the government bill and alternative options for local courts.
Positions in the discussion were related to visions of prospects and ways for integrating the Russian Empire, constructing
common institutions, and nation building. The resulting model was a compromise and hybrid. A number
of developed elements of local courts were in demand after the fall of the empire, even in the Soviet period.2018-12-01T00:00:00ZForeign Presence in Palestine in Diaries and Notes of Russian Travelers of the late XIX — early XX Centuries
http://hdl.handle.net/11701/15287
Название: Foreign Presence in Palestine in Diaries and Notes of Russian Travelers of the late XIX — early XX Centuries
Авторы: Shapovalov, M. S.
Краткий осмотр (реферат): The paper is based on the notes of Russian travelers to Palestine in the late nineteenth and early
twentieth centuries and explores the history of foreign presence in the Holy Land at this time, when the flow
of pilgrims from Russia to Palestine greatly increased. Biblical Palestine began to attract representatives of the
clergy, monks, and worshipers as well as representatives of the nobility, intellectuals, writers, artists, journalists,
teachers, and august persons. This long journey — through the outskirts of the empire, the Turkish straits, and
finally Palestine itself — presupposed, first of all, a spiritual and intellectual quest. Therefore, pilgrims often kept diaries and hiking notes, and sent detailed letters to relatives, thus leaving a layer of sources of personal origin.
The most famous of these are notes by E. I. Tarasov, I. N. Bartsikhovsky, E. L. Markov, G. A. Gorbunov, V. Vereshchagin,
N. P. Kondakov, and others. Once in the Holy Land, travelers reflected on the surrounding reality, nature,
and everyday customs of local residents and foreign tourists. A special place in the Palestinian narrative was occupied
by the theme of foreign presence, which revealed itself in the description of the confessional, economic,
political, cultural, and philanthropic activities of European states in the Holy Land. In this connection, the author
sets out to reconstruct the forms of foreign presence and to answer the following questions: What alignment of
forces of the European powers did Russian travelers see in Palestine? Who, in their opinion, posed the greatest
threat to Russian interests in the Holy Land?2018-12-01T00:00:00ZUSSR and the Compelled Refusal of Finland on the Marshall Plan
http://hdl.handle.net/11701/15286
Название: USSR and the Compelled Refusal of Finland on the Marshall Plan
Авторы: Rupasov, A. I.
Краткий осмотр (реферат): This article analyzes the reasons that prompted the Soviet Union to pressure the Finnish government
refuse from participation in the Marshall plan. Special attention is paid to the distinct positions of Finnish President
J. K. Paasikivi and the government of Finland headed by M. Pekkala. Business circles perceived the Marshall plan
positively, because it was seen as providing an additional impetus to European integration and to growth of the
European economy. President Paasikivi considered it primarily to be a basis for overcoming the strong influence
of the Soviet Union. However, the government ignored the opinion of the majority faction of Parliament, being
afraid of Moscow’s negative reaction of Moscow; therefore, ratification of the peace treaty by the Soviet side
could be delayed, and calculations to facilitate reparation payments were unrealizable. Finland’s forced refusal
to participate in the Marshall Plan was the first serious obstacle to participating in the process of European integration
that was gradually gaining momentum. Having gained this from the Finnish government, the Soviet side
actually assumed certain obligations that partially compensated Finland for economic losses, but fulfilling the
volume of these for for political goals became a significant burden over time.2018-12-01T00:00:00Z