DSpace Собрание:http://hdl.handle.net/11701/4402024-03-28T18:28:48Z2024-03-28T18:28:48ZPronounced species divergence in corticospinal tract reorganization and functional recovery after lateralized spinal cord injury favors primatesFriedli, LuciaRosenzweig, Ephron SBarraud, QuentinSchubert, MartinDominici, NadiaAwai, LeaNielson, Jessica LMusienko, PavelNout-Lomas, YvetteZhong, HuiZdunowski, SharonRoy, Roland RStrand, Sarah Cvan den Brand, RubiaHavton, Leif ABeattie, Michael SBresnahan, Jacqueline CBézard, ErwanBloch, JocelyneEdgerton, V ReggieFerguson, Adam RCurt, ArminTuszynski, Mark HCourtine, Grégoirehttp://hdl.handle.net/11701/21252016-04-26T13:34:31Z2015-08-26T00:00:00ZНазвание: Pronounced species divergence in corticospinal tract reorganization and functional recovery after lateralized spinal cord injury favors primates
Авторы: Friedli, Lucia; Rosenzweig, Ephron S; Barraud, Quentin; Schubert, Martin; Dominici, Nadia; Awai, Lea; Nielson, Jessica L; Musienko, Pavel; Nout-Lomas, Yvette; Zhong, Hui; Zdunowski, Sharon; Roy, Roland R; Strand, Sarah C; van den Brand, Rubia; Havton, Leif A; Beattie, Michael S; Bresnahan, Jacqueline C; Bézard, Erwan; Bloch, Jocelyne; Edgerton, V Reggie; Ferguson, Adam R; Curt, Armin; Tuszynski, Mark H; Courtine, Grégoire
Краткий осмотр (реферат): Experimental and clinical studies suggest that primate species exhibit greater recovery after lateralized compared to symmetrical spinal cord injuries. Although this observation has major implications for designing clinical trials and translational therapies, advantages in recovery of nonhuman primates over other species have not been shown statistically to date, nor have the associated repair mechanisms been identified. We monitored recovery in more than 400 quadriplegic patients and found that functional gains increased with the laterality of spinal cord damage. Electrophysiological analyses suggested that corticospinal tract reorganization contributes to the greater recovery after lateralized compared with symmetrical injuries. To investigate underlying mechanisms, we modeled lateralized injuries in rats and monkeys using a lateral hemisection, and compared anatomical and functional outcomes with patients who suffered similar lesions. Standardized assessments revealed that monkeys and humans showed greater recovery of locomotion and hand function than did rats. Recovery correlated with the formation of corticospinal detour circuits below the injury, which were extensive in monkeys but nearly absent in rats. Our results uncover pronounced interspecies differences in the nature and extent of spinal cord repair mechanisms, likely resulting from fundamental differences in the anatomical and functional characteristics of the motor systems in primates versus rodents. Although rodents remain essential for advancing regenerative therapies, the unique response of the primate corticospinal tract after injury reemphasizes the importance of primate models for designing clinically relevant treatments.2015-08-26T00:00:00ZSpatiotemporal neuromodulation therapies engaging muscle synergies improve motor control after spinal cord injuryWenger, NikolausMoraud, Eduardo MartinGandar, JeromeMusienko, PavelCapogrosso, MarcoBaud, LaetitiaLe Goff, Camille GBarraud, QuentinPavlova, NataliaDominici, NadiaMinev, Ivan RAsboth, LeonieHirsch, ArthurDuis, SimoneKreider, JulieMortera, AndreaHaverbeck, OliverKraus, SilvioSchmitz, FelixDiGiovanna, Jackvan den Brand, RubiaBloch, JocelyneDetemple, PeterLacour, Stéphanie PBézard, ErwanMicera, SilvestroCourtine, Grégoirehttp://hdl.handle.net/11701/21242016-08-29T12:33:15Z2016-02-01T00:00:00ZНазвание: Spatiotemporal neuromodulation therapies engaging muscle synergies improve motor control after spinal cord injury
Авторы: Wenger, Nikolaus; Moraud, Eduardo Martin; Gandar, Jerome; Musienko, Pavel; Capogrosso, Marco; Baud, Laetitia; Le Goff, Camille G; Barraud, Quentin; Pavlova, Natalia; Dominici, Nadia; Minev, Ivan R; Asboth, Leonie; Hirsch, Arthur; Duis, Simone; Kreider, Julie; Mortera, Andrea; Haverbeck, Oliver; Kraus, Silvio; Schmitz, Felix; DiGiovanna, Jack; van den Brand, Rubia; Bloch, Jocelyne; Detemple, Peter; Lacour, Stéphanie P; Bézard, Erwan; Micera, Silvestro; Courtine, Grégoire
Краткий осмотр (реферат): Electrical neuromodulation of lumbar segments improves motor control after spinal cord injury in animal models and humans. However, the physiological principles underlying the effect of this intervention remain poorly understood, which has limited the therapeutic approach to continuous stimulation applied to restricted spinal cord locations. Here we developed stimulation protocols that reproduce the natural dynamics of motoneuron activation during locomotion. For this, we computed the spatiotemporal activation pattern of muscle synergies during locomotion in healthy rats. Computer simulations identified optimal electrode locations to target each synergy through the recruitment of proprioceptive feedback circuits. This framework steered the design of spatially selective spinal implants and real-time control software that modulate extensor and flexor synergies with precise temporal resolution. Spatiotemporal neuromodulation therapies improved gait quality, weight-bearing capacity, endurance and skilled locomotion in several rodent models of spinal cord injury. These new concepts are directly translatable to strategies to improve motor control in humans.2016-02-01T00:00:00ZDistinctive Features of the Human Marginal Zone and Cajal-Retzius Cells: Comparison of Morphological and Immunocytochemical Features at MidgestationTkachenko, Lyubov AZykin, Pavel ANasyrov, Ruslan AKrasnoshchekova, Elena Ihttp://hdl.handle.net/11701/20222016-04-10T00:00:25Z2016-03-01T00:00:00ZНазвание: Distinctive Features of the Human Marginal Zone and Cajal-Retzius Cells: Comparison of Morphological and Immunocytochemical Features at Midgestation
Авторы: Tkachenko, Lyubov A; Zykin, Pavel A; Nasyrov, Ruslan A; Krasnoshchekova, Elena I
Краткий осмотр (реферат): Despite a long history of research of cortical marginal zone (MZ) organization and development, a number of issues remain unresolved. One particular issue is the problem of Cajal-Retzius cells (C-R) identification. It is currently based on morphology and Reelin expression. The aim of this research is to investigate MZ cytoarchitectonics and Reelin-producing cells morphotypes in the superior temporal, pre- and postcentral cortex at GW24-26. We used Reelin (Reln) as the marker for C-R cells and microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) and neurofilament heavy chain protein (N200) as markers of neuronal maturation. The MZ of all of the investigated areas had the distinct cytoarchitectonic of alternating cell sparse (MZP, SR) and cell dense (SGL, DGL) layers. The distribution of the neuromarkers across the MZ also showed layer specificity. MAP2-positive cells were only found in the SGL. N200 and Reelin-positive neurons in the MZP. N200-positive processes were forming a plexus at the DGL level. All of the N200-positive neurons found were in the MZP and had distinctive morphological features of C-R cells. All of the N200-positive neurons in MZ were also positive for Reelin, whereas MAP2-positive cells lack Reelin. Thus, the joint use of two immunomarkers allowed us to discern the C-R cells based on their morphotype and neurochemistry and indicate that the Reelin-positive cells of MZ at 24-26 GW were morphologically C-R cells. In the current study, we identified three C-R cells morphotypes. Using a 3D reconstruction, we made sure that all of them belonged to the single morphotype of triangular C-R cells. This approach will allow future studies to separate C-R cells from other Reelin-producing neurons which appear at later corticogenesis stages. In addition, our findings support the assumption that a plexus could be formed not only with C-R cells processes but also possibly by other cell processes by the poorly researched DGL, which is only allocated as a part of the human MZ.2016-03-01T00:00:00ZRussian modernism in early XX centuryIvanov, Sergey P.http://hdl.handle.net/11701/8752018-10-09T07:44:11Z2012-01-01T00:00:00ZНазвание: Russian modernism in early XX century
Авторы: Ivanov, Sergey P.
Краткий осмотр (реферат): The article describes the period of Russian Modernism (ranging approximately from 1890 to 1920) is one know mainly to specialists, despite many significant accomplishments. Following a period of civic minded realism, the artists and writers of this period refocused on technique, and the creation of new form.
Описание: The article was approved at the Moscow International Conference (2012, July 21-22)2012-01-01T00:00:00Z