DSpace Общество:http://hdl.handle.net/11701/23502024-03-28T21:29:44Z2024-03-28T21:29:44ZThe life and work of Ivan Petrovich Pavlov in the works of his students and followers (for the anniversary of the great scientist)Tregubov, Valeriy N.Khoroshaev, Oleg E.http://hdl.handle.net/11701/451672024-03-27T20:22:06Z2023-12-01T00:00:00ZНазвание: The life and work of Ivan Petrovich Pavlov in the works of his students and followers (for the anniversary of the great scientist)
Авторы: Tregubov, Valeriy N.; Khoroshaev, Oleg E.
Краткий осмотр (реферат): In 2024, the medical community celebrates the Ivan Petrovich Pavlov’s 175th birth anniversary
on September 26 (14), 1849. Time has not changed the respect of physicians and physiologists
towards his personality and science contributions, as evidenced by the books, articles published
annually about him in scientific journals. The purpose of the study is to analyses the dynamics and
structure of scientific works published about the life and work of I. P. Pavlov from 1899 to 2023. To
achieve the study goal, the bibliographic method was used. 867 articles were analyzed, the dynamics
of publications was studied using chain indicators of growth/loss rates as a percentage. The
publication structure of these works by type of publication and topic is analyzed in relative terms.
The authors publication activity about Pavlov increased in the anniversary years of his birth and in
the year of his death. The maximum number of articles was published from 1950 to 1952 — 321,
which is associated with the results of the scientific session of the USSR Academy of Sciences and
the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences in 1950. The followers of the great physiologist carefully
preserve his memory, regularly publishes his scientific works about his life and activities.2023-12-01T00:00:00ZVladimir Germanovich ShtefkoZubritsky, Alexander N.http://hdl.handle.net/11701/451662024-03-27T20:23:32Z2023-12-01T00:00:00ZНазвание: Vladimir Germanovich Shtefko
Авторы: Zubritsky, Alexander N.
Краткий осмотр (реферат): The article is devoted to the life and creative path of the famous Russian phthisiopathologist,
biologist, anatomist and anthropologist, scientist, talented educator and organizer, patriarch
of the national school of phthisiopathology, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor Vladimir
Germanovich Shtefko (1893–1945), who was born in Moscow in the family of an employee.
After graduating from the Moscow Real School, he entered the Medical and Physics and Mathematics
Faculties of the Imperial Moscow University. In 1911, the pulmonary tuberculosis was
diagnosed, which accompanies him throughout his life and for which he is being treated in
Switzerland, where he continues his studies at the University of Lausanne. After returning
to Russia, he graduated with honors from these two faculties in 1916 and devoted himself to
devotion to science. The scientific interests of V. G. Shtefko and his students were primarily
tuberculosis issues. He is the author of about 300 scientific papers, including 24 monographs.
V. G. Shtefko was the founder of the Moscow school of phthisiopathologists, as well as comparative
anatomical and age-morphological directions in medical research. He established
the phenomenon of dyschronic development of intraorgan structures and concluded that the
cultural races of humanity, such as Europeans have a more complex protein molecule structure
than lower races. In fact, he refuted the well-known postulate that all people are brothers.
Moreover, in 1929, scientists led by V. G. Shtefko developed a classification of five normal
types of the human constitution (asthenoid, digestive, thoracic, muscular, abdominal, as well
as mixed types), which was the reason for his political persecution, and therefore in 1938 the
work had to be stopped, nevertheless, this did not stop the anger of his detractors and on October
3, 1945 in Moscow, V. G. Shtefko committed suicide at the age of 52.2023-12-01T00:00:00ZAssessment of the composition of adult patients hospitalized in Russian hospitalsShlyafer, Sofia I.Shikina, Irina B.http://hdl.handle.net/11701/451652024-03-27T20:23:41Z2023-12-01T00:00:00ZНазвание: Assessment of the composition of adult patients hospitalized in Russian hospitals
Авторы: Shlyafer, Sofia I.; Shikina, Irina B.
Краткий осмотр (реферат): The article presents an analysis of the distribution of adult patients discharged from medical
organizations providing inpatient care, hospitalized morbidity, and the average length of stay by
disease classes and nosology in Russia for the period from 2016 to 2020. The aim of the work
was to assess the composition of adult patients hospitalized in Russian hospitals over 5 years
(2016–2020). Statistical and analytical research methods were used in the research. The data on
the number of discharged adult patients (18 years and older) from medical organizations providing
inpatient care as well as on the number of bed-days discharged were obtained from the
federal statistical observation form no. 14 “Information on the activities of units of medical organizations
providing inpatient care” for 5 years. The number of discharged adult patients from
hospitals decreased by 15,4 %, the hospitalized morbidity rate decreased from 205,5 to 175,8 per
1000 people of the corresponding age, the average duration of stay in a hospital bed decreased
from 11,7 to 11,0 days. A downward trend in hospitalized morbidity is traced for all classes of
diseases. Since 2020 there is a change in the structure of hospitalized morbidity of adult patients
by disease classes, which can be explained by the pandemic of a new coronavirus infection
COVID-19 and the reprofiling of most hospitals to infectious diseases hospitals.2023-12-01T00:00:00ZModern ideas about the stages of decomposition and the possibilities of forensic reconstruction of the conditions of the postmortem periodLavrukova, Olga S.Polyakov, Аleksei Yu.Beraya, Roman F.http://hdl.handle.net/11701/451642024-03-27T20:09:07Z2023-12-01T00:00:00ZНазвание: Modern ideas about the stages of decomposition and the possibilities of forensic reconstruction of the conditions of the postmortem period
Авторы: Lavrukova, Olga S.; Polyakov, Аleksei Yu.; Beraya, Roman F.
Краткий осмотр (реферат): The decomposition of a corpse is a long process in time and is one of the irreversible, as
it is due to the natural need for the natural recycling of nutrients in dead organic matter (dead bodies of humans and animals). The duration of decomposition varies within very wide
boundaries: from several months to several hundred and thousands of years. The article conducted
an analytical review of works on the processes occurring in the dead body, the staging
of decomposition, and the possibilities of forensic medical reconstruction of the conditions
of the postmortem period, including the establishment of the duration of the post-mortal
interval. A modern approach to the consideration of postmortem changes is presented, indicating
that establishing the conformity of the pathomorphology of the decomposition of
corpse tissues and its underlying abiotic and biotic factors can be a justification for its actual
stages. However, the degradation characteristics of dead bodies depend on a number of factors
acting together on the corpse and often catalytically or inhibitively acting on each other.
All these changes, with the possibility of their comprehensive analysis (taking into account
numerous factors affecting their dynamics), play a crucial role in establishing the duration of
the postmortal interval.2023-12-01T00:00:00ZTreatment of patients with periprosthetic infectionDulaev, Alexander K.Ovdenko, Andrey G.Tsed, Alexander N.Mushtin, Nikita E.Dulaev, Dmitry V.Varzin, Sergey A.http://hdl.handle.net/11701/451632024-03-27T20:24:00Z2023-12-01T00:00:00ZНазвание: Treatment of patients with periprosthetic infection
Авторы: Dulaev, Alexander K.; Ovdenko, Andrey G.; Tsed, Alexander N.; Mushtin, Nikita E.; Dulaev, Dmitry V.; Varzin, Sergey A.
Краткий осмотр (реферат): The review article presents the main questions of pathogenesis, early diagnosis, and surgical
management of patients with paraprosthetic infection that developed after surgery for fractured
limb bones and deforming arthrosis. The main factors that influenced the occurrence of purulent
complications and the ways of their prevention, treatment, taking into account the current ideas
about wound infection, are indicated. Pathogenetic mechanisms of paraprosthetic infection development
are directly related to the presence of hematoma in the operated joint. Risk factors for
large joint arthroplasty can be divided into three conditional types: general and local patient status;
conditions for the operation; features of surgery. To detail the risk factors associated with the
general or local status of the patient, two subtypes are highlighted — primary and secondary. The
main subtype includes: 1) focus infection, located in the operated joint; 2) focus infection, located
in the paraarticular tissues of the operated joint; 3) generalization of the infectious process —
sepsis. The additional subtype includes: 1) history of previous joint surgery; 2) critical changes
in body mass index; 3) uncontrolled diabetes mellitus; 4) presence of systemic diseases associated
with prolonged administration of glucocorticosteroids and cytostatics and others. Two-stage
revision endoprosthesis in patients with chronic periprosthetic infection is the gold standard to
date. In many ways, the success of treatment depends on the correctness of all stages, on the adequacy
of diagnostic measures, the scrupulousness of compliance with surgical technique and is
determined by the surgeon’s experience, as well as the equipment of the hospital.2023-12-01T00:00:00ZBiochemical and morphological changes in the gland in the most common liver diseases (literature review)Fedorova, Mariya G.Komarova, Ekaterina V.Kozlova, Anastasiya V.Tsyplikhin, Nikita O.http://hdl.handle.net/11701/451622024-03-27T20:24:11Z2023-12-01T00:00:00ZНазвание: Biochemical and morphological changes in the gland in the most common liver diseases (literature review)
Авторы: Fedorova, Mariya G.; Komarova, Ekaterina V.; Kozlova, Anastasiya V.; Tsyplikhin, Nikita O.
Краткий осмотр (реферат): Currently, there are a large number of studies devoted to the study of the relationship between
liver diseases and the development of pathological processes in other organs, such as the kidneys, brain, etc. However, in the available scientific literature, the problem of the influence of
hepatic pathologies on the structure and functions of the thyroid gland is covered to a much
lesser extent. In some cases, information on this problem is only indirectly addressed in scientific
research. In order to summarize these data, a literature review of scientific articles posted
in the public domain search engines was carried out. This literature review contains basic
information concerning the problem of the influence of liver diseases on the structural and
functional features of the thyroid gland. The paper highlights the current data of experimental
and clinical studies. Some mechanisms of the development of thyroid diseases associated with
pathological processes occurring in the liver tissues are analyzed. The biochemical, pathophysiological
and morphological features of the thyroid gland in acute and chronic hepatitis,
fibrosis and cirrhosis of the liver are described.2023-12-01T00:00:00ZS-adenosylmethionine therapy in rheumatic and related autoimmune diseasesde Carvalho, Jozélio FreireChurilov, Leonid P.Lerner, AaronSobolevskaya, Polina A.Basina, Alena A.Gavrilova, Natalia Yu.http://hdl.handle.net/11701/451612024-03-28T01:43:30Z2023-12-01T00:00:00ZНазвание: S-adenosylmethionine therapy in rheumatic and related autoimmune diseases
Авторы: de Carvalho, Jozélio Freire; Churilov, Leonid P.; Lerner, Aaron; Sobolevskaya, Polina A.; Basina, Alena A.; Gavrilova, Natalia Yu.
Краткий осмотр (реферат): S-adenosylmethionine has been used to treat neuropsychiatric diseases, including those accompanied
with depression. These entities often are comorbid with rheumatic and thyroid
pathology, and in the COVID-19 pandemic and post-pandemic periods, there was a growing
number of such cases. That’s why the article evaluates the experience and perspectives of S-adenosylmethionine
therapy in osteoarthritis and a few rheumatic and comorbid thyroid diseases
(fibromyalgia, systemic sclerosis, gout and autoimmune thyroiditis). PubMed/MEDLINE,
EMBASE, elibrary.ru and Scielo databases were searched for targeted topic between 1966 and
2023. 15 articles were depicted to fulfill the inclusion criteria, 13 in Latin and 2 in Cyrillic
scripts, including 1,499 patients (1,383 in osteoarthritis and 116 in other rheumatic diseases).
The dosage varied from 200 mg to 1,200 mg/day. The follow-up ranged from 3 weeks to
24 months. Almost all studies (13/15) showed at least one benefit after S-adenosylmethionine therapy supplementation, including 2 papers documented positive effect in vitro achieved
upon the cells taken from patients. Most side effects were mild, one study showed borderline
moderate/severe adverse effects. Only pre-clinical/experimental studies of S-adenosylmethionine
therapy effects on thyroid regulation were revealed. S-adenosylmethionine is a promising
and safe element of complex therapy for some rheumatic diseases.2023-12-01T00:00:00ZThe path to scienceZubritsky, Alexander N.http://hdl.handle.net/11701/451592024-03-27T19:47:24Z2023-09-01T00:00:00ZНазвание: The path to science
Авторы: Zubritsky, Alexander N.
Краткий осмотр (реферат): Alexander Nickolaevich Zubritsky is a pathologist of the highest category, a member of the
European Society of Pathology, Professor. He was born on March 14, 1949 in Severo-Kurilsk,
Sakhalin Region in the family of a military therapist. At age 15, worked as a hospital attendant
in a pathology department of a hospital in Sverdlovsk and studied at night school for working
youth. In 1974, he graduated the curative and preventive faculty of the Sverdlovsk Medical
Institute. In 1974–1975, was an internship in pathological anatomy at the basis of Sverdlovsk
Regional Clinical Hospital. In 1977, enrolled in correspondence postgraduate study at the
Institute of Human Morphology in Moscow on a specialty “pathological anatomy” under the
direction of the Hero of Socialist Labor, Lenin Prize laureate, Academician of AMS USSR
Prof. A. I. Strukov. In 1990, he defended his thesis “Quantitative analysis of pathomorphological
changes in the right ventricle of the heart in group of patients with chronic nonspecific
pulmonary diseases” in the I. M. Sechenov Moscow Medical Academy. In 1990, he became a
finalist of the Marvin I. Dunn Award for the best presentation in Cardiology at the meeting
of the American College of Chest Physicians in Toronto, etc. Author of the 4 rationalization
proposals and more 300 published works as sole author, including 27 books (of which 16 are
in paper formats, 11 — in electronic versions), manuals and reference books.2023-09-01T00:00:00ZRetrospective analysis of development and use of telemedicine technologies in Russia and abroadFedotkina, Svetlana A.Akhmineeva, Aziza Kh.Khugaeva, Elsa V.http://hdl.handle.net/11701/451582024-03-27T19:44:41Z2023-09-01T00:00:00ZНазвание: Retrospective analysis of development and use of telemedicine technologies in Russia and abroad
Авторы: Fedotkina, Svetlana A.; Akhmineeva, Aziza Kh.; Khugaeva, Elsa V.
Краткий осмотр (реферат): The article presents a retrospective analysis of bibliographical sources devoted to the development
and use of telemedicine technologies in Russia and abroad. Each historical period had
ultimate and advanced technologies for telemedicine purposes. Telemedicine history can be
viewed as a gradual progression of communication tools and remote information exchange.
On the other hand, stages of telemedicine history are based on the progressive development of
clinical capabilities. Telemedicine development can be classified into periods by technological
types of telecommunications (telephone, radio, satellite communications, etc.) and by clinical
forms of application (remote transmission of diagnostic examination data; teleconsultations
for planned and emergency care; telemedicine for remote work; biotelemetry; telemonitoring;
mobile telemedicine for remote and hard-to-reach areas, etc.) In both cases, periods have
blurred and tentative boundaries, with many stages “intersecting” or ongoing simultaneously.
It can be remarked that “remote provision of medical aid and medical services through telecommunications”
had globally started at least 50 years before the very idea and concept of
telemedicine was formulated, and the term came into use. Telemedicine has been successfully
applied in many countries, including the Russian Federation, and has proven to be an effective
method for improving access to medical services in lowly populated and remote areas and for
reducing the costs of medical services.2023-09-01T00:00:00ZProblems of allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantationShikina, Irina B.Litvinov, Ivan V.Babchenko, Victoria S.Gerova, Olga A.http://hdl.handle.net/11701/451572024-03-27T19:40:05Z2023-09-01T00:00:00ZНазвание: Problems of allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Авторы: Shikina, Irina B.; Litvinov, Ivan V.; Babchenko, Victoria S.; Gerova, Olga A.
Краткий осмотр (реферат): Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is an effective treatment for
many malignant and non-malignant diseases of the blood system. With an existing need of
five thousand HSCT per year, about two thousand are performed, therefore, not all those in
need receive this type of treatment. The purpose of the study is to study the main problems
of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, to identify risk factors, frequency of
occurrence and impact on the outcome of allo-HSCT of key post-transplant complications.
A large number of nationalities and ethnic groups live in the country, characterized by a
unique distribution and frequency of HLA alleles, which led to the formation of a specific
allelic polymorphism of HLA genes, characteristic only for residents of Russia. In this regard,
about 25 % of patients do not have a compatible donor in the world. Graft failure is a group
of complications characterized by two- or three-lineage cytopenia in combination with bone
marrow hypo-/aplasia and is a major cause that impairs patients short-term survival rates
after allo-HSCT and affects an average of 40 % of all recipients. The study confirms the need
to replenish the Federal Register with new hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) donors, which
will increase the likelihood of finding a compatible HSC donor for the recipient with a nondisseminated
HLA genotype.2023-09-01T00:00:00Z